Even simple elbow fractures can significantly impact your daily activities and quality of life. We use our fingers, hands, and wrists for many everyday tasks, meaning even a minor injury can have a big impact. Here is what to know about elbow fractures, how to prevent them, and how treatment with a board-certified orthopedic surgeon can help.
What is the difference between a break and a fracture?
Nothing! A break and a fracture are two different words that describe the same thing.
What are Elbow Fractures?
The elbow is a complex joint made of three bones: the humerus (upper arm bone), the radius, and the ulna (forearm bones). These bones form a hinge-like joint allowing you to straighten, bend, and rotate your arm. An elbow fracture can occur in any one of the three bones that make up the elbow joint and usually occurs in specific locations again and again.
Fractures are often caused by a direct blow to the elbow, falls onto an outstretched arm, or severe twisting injuries. Symptoms typically include severe pain, swelling, bruising, and an inability to move the elbow. Oftentimes, patients will hear a “crack” at the time of the injury. In some cases, visible deformity or an open wound might be present if the fracture is severe.
What are the Types of Elbow Fractures?
Elbow fractures are typically categorized based on the location and nature of the break. Some types include:
Distal Humerus Fractures
These occur at the lower end of the humerus (next to the upper arm bone) and are more common in adults, particularly the elderly. They’re typically the result of falling onto or sustaining trauma to the bent elbow.
Olecranon Fractures
The olecranon is the bony prominence that forms at the back of the elbow. Fractures in this area often result from a direct blow or fall and are common among people of all ages because there’s little muscle to protect or cover this area.
Radial Head Fractures
The radius is a bone that spans from your wrist to your elbow. The radial head is the term for the top of that bone closest to the elbow joint. Fractures at the very top, called radial head fractures, or just below called radial neck fractures, are prevalent in adults and typically occur due to a fall onto an outstretched arm.
Do Elbow Fractures Need Surgery?
Many fractures can be treated non-operatively with just a sling. Some types of elbow fractures are best treated with surgery. Your orthopedic surgeon will help determine if a specific fracture needs surgery or not.
Who is at Risk of Elbow Fractures?
Elbow fractures can affect anyone, but certain factors can increase the risk:
Age
Older adults and young children are more susceptible to elbow fractures but can occur at all ages. In older adults, bones may be weakened by bone loss or osteoporosis, making fractures more likely from falls or minor trauma. In children, the bones are still growing and are more prone to breaks.
Physical Activity
Athletes and individuals engaged in high-impact sports or activities are at a higher risk of elbow fractures due to the increased likelihood of falls and direct blows to the elbow.
Occupational Hazards
Jobs that involve heavy lifting or a high risk of falls and accidents can also increase the likelihood of elbow fractures.
Bone Health
Conditions like osteoporosis weaken bones, making them more prone to fractures. Poor nutrition and certain medical conditions that affect bone density can also contribute to an increased risk.
How Can Elbow Fractures be Prevented?
While not all elbow fractures can be prevented, certain preventive measures can reduce the risk:
Fall Prevention
For older adults, measures to prevent falls are crucial. This includes keeping living spaces free of clutter, using assistive devices if necessary, and ensuring good lighting in the home.
Protective Gear
Using elbow pads during high-risk activities such as skateboarding, rollerblading, or contact sports can provide additional protection against fractures.
Strengthening Exercises
Regular exercise to strengthen the muscles around the elbow can help stabilize the joint and protect the bones in case of a fall. Weight-bearing and resistance exercises can also improve bone density.
Proper Technique
Learning and using proper techniques during sports and physical activities can minimize the risk of falls and direct blows to the elbow.
Bone Health
Maintaining good bone health through a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can strengthen bones and reduce the risk of fractures.
Elbow Fracture Treatment in Naples, FL
Elbow fractures, although painful and upsetting, can be managed with the help of an expert orthopedic surgeon. To meet with Dr. Steven Goldberg and learn more, contact our office today by calling or filling out our online form.
